Incoterms 2020
Where cost and risk move from seller to buyer
All 11 rules at a glance
Compare each rule's transport family and delivery pattern.
Any mode Sea only
Any mode: EXW—DDPRisk path Sea only: FAS—CIF
Incoterms® 2020 table
Select up to four terms, or open any row for full responsibilities.
| Pick | Code | Rule | Risk passes to buyer | Mode | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EXW | Ex Works | Transfers when the goods are placed at the buyer's disposal at the named place, not loaded on the collecting vehicle. | Any mode | ||
| FCA | Free Carrier | Transfers on delivery to the carrier: when loaded on the buyer's vehicle at seller premises, or placed at the carrier's disposal elsewhere. | Any mode | ||
| CPT | Carriage Paid To | Transfers when the seller hands the goods to the first carrier, not when they reach the paid destination. | Any mode | ||
| CIP | Carriage and Insurance Paid To | Transfers on delivery to the first carrier, even though seller-paid freight and insurance continue to destination. | Any mode | ||
| DAP | Delivered at Place | Transfers when goods are placed at the buyer's disposal on the arriving means of transport, ready for unloading. | Any mode | ||
| DPU | Delivered at Place Unloaded | Transfers after the goods have been unloaded at the named destination. | Any mode | ||
| DDP | Delivered Duty Paid | Transfers at the named destination with goods import-cleared, on the arriving vehicle and ready for unloading; the seller still bears import duty and tax costs, even though risk has already passed. | Any mode | ||
| FAS | Free Alongside Ship | Transfers when goods are placed alongside the vessel at the named port. | Sea / inland waterway only | ||
| FOB | Free On Board | Transfers when goods are on board the vessel at the named port of shipment. | Sea / inland waterway only | ||
| CFR | Cost and Freight | Transfers when goods are on board the vessel at the shipment port, not at the paid destination port. | Sea / inland waterway only | ||
| CIF | Cost, Insurance and Freight | Transfers when goods are on board at the shipment port, although seller-paid freight and insurance continue to destination. | Sea / inland waterway only |